Competitive Cheerleading: More than a Hobby (Research Paper)

Déjà Francis
Fundamentals of Speech
May 5, 2012
Professor Kincey
Final Research Paper
Competitive Cheerleading: More than a Hobby
“The more pushups we do our arms get stronger, our minds get sharper, our jumps go higher, we never get tired, come ‘on Tigers work hard!” This is the philosophy of a competitive cheerleader, not a football player, basketball player, or a track runner. Believe it or not, competitive cheerleading requires more than just a skirt and a smile. It takes hard work, dedication, trust, and skill to be successful at competitive cheerleading. Furthermore, competitive cheerleading requires trust; unlike any other sport, competitive cheerleading demands for trusting teammates with your life. In other sports such as basketball or football it is important to trust your teammate with responsibilities such as making the basket, or catching the ball; clearly, competitive cheerleading is much more demanding. Would you devote your blood, sweat, and tears to a profession where you would practice twice a day, stunting, tumbling, jumping, running, falling, hurting, and bleeding, keeping a smile all at one time? This behavior seems impossible. Competitive cheerleaders make the impossible happen. In order to do so, perseverance is essential. In spite of difficulties, obstacles, and discouragement competitive cheerleaders put their best efforts forward to achieve. More importantly, the definition of a sport is an activity involving physical exertion and skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others. Undeniably, competitive cheerleading exudes the criteria of a sport, and should be considered a sport.
Admittedly, competitive cheerleaders work just as hard as or even harder than any other athlete. Although many people may not believe cheerleading actually requires any strength, it is important to know that cheerleaders train just as hard as football players. According to author Sara Green (2010), “Cheerleaders are just as fit as the athletes they support.”Although it may seem like a piece of cake to be a cheerleader, it definitely takes a hard work and dedication. Moreover, skills such as jumping, tumbling, and stunting are what make competitive cheerleading exciting, challenging, and entertaining. However, jumping, tumbling, and stunting are all acquired skills. It is not easy to jump in different positions, at required heights while pointing your toes. Practicing these skills is what makes a great cheerleader. Tumbling can be extremely scary starting out, but with experience, practice, and technique the fear can be eliminated. Also, stunting is a very dangerous aspect of cheerleading. It is important to have trust when stunting. Competitive cheerleaders do a variety of stunts in about three minutes, when competing. The challenge is to stick the stunts, without injuring anyone, while making it look interesting as well. Clearly, this can be tough, but technique and practice is what improves these skills.
Assuredly, competitive cheerleaders do not only work hard to prove themselves when competing but also off the stage as well. Cheerleaders are constantly at battle, trying to get others on their side. It is a challenge to get disbelievers to believe that cheerleaders are athletes. Due to such sexist views of cheerleading, as well as stereotypes, cheerleaders do not receive the respect they desire. Cheerleading is a female dominated “activity,” and because of this it will always be a challenge to get others to consider it a competitive sport. As a result, cheerleaders have to work twice as hard as all other athletes to make fans believe in them. It is unfortunate that gender plays such a role in sports. Women who are just as adequate, fit, strong, and capable of succeeding as any man, cannot even get the decency of participating in a “sport.” However, competitive cheerleaders do not give up, this only gives them the drive to fight even harder to succeed and make believers.
Furthermore, along with competitive cheerleading comes physical exertion and competition. Competitive cheerleading is not for everyone. A competitive cheerleader is a person who is strong willed, ambitious, dedicated, as well as a competitor. Because competitive cheerleading is so intense, practice requires many drills, repetition, and exercise. With such hard work practicing and learning new things, cheerleaders do get hurt. Injuries are very common in competitive cheerleading. Steinberg (2012) stated, “Cheerleading is a sport which, as such involves taking risks.” The more experience a team has, the less likely they are to have major injuries. Clearly, practice is essential to competitive cheerleading. Also, competitive cheerleading offers one a sense of self confidence. Being rejected, disliked, or unaccepted by a crowd of people allows one to fight for what they want and prove themselves. It takes a driven, self confident and bold person to stand in front of a crowd and capture their attention.
Competitive cheerleading should also be considered a sport because it is governed by a set of rules or customs in which athletes dedicate time, effort, and hard work for a given title. In competition, cheerleaders must abide by specific criteria in order to be qualified to compete. For example, there are specific divisions when competing. Divisions are specific groups that cheerleaders are broken up into based on age, the number or people on the team, and skill level. Within these divisions are rules that the team must follow to be considered to win. Clearly, just like any other sport there are things you can do wrong and be disqualified. Furthermore, in competitive cheerleading, cheerleaders must also jump a specific height, throw girls in the air a specific height, their voices must sound a certain way, and they also must tumble and dance in unison, all to prove themselves to the judges. “Competitive cheerleading is more than pretty girls jumping up and down in short skirts; it takes balance, coordination, athleticism, and flexibility” (Winners Plan, 2012). It is easy to see how competitive cheerleading is not as easy as it looks.
In final analysis, competitive cheerleading should be considered a sport. Competitive cheerleading by far, meets the criteria of a sport. It is essential to look beyond the stereotypes of cheerleading, and girls in little skirts. Cheerleaders work hard, they put forth their best efforts to achieve. Contrary to what one may think, competitive cheerleading takes a lot of hard work and dedication, as it brings confidence, courageousness, and versatility to the lives of cheerleaders. Cheerleaders are the greatest athletes as wimps lift weights, cheerleaders lift people.

G.O.A.T: Tupac Shakur

Déjà Francis
Fundamentals of Speech
May 6, 2012
Professor Kincey
G.O.A.T Essay
Who is the G.O.A.T?
“It’s so hard to sell that “All we need is each other speech,” especially when your stomach hurts.” Tupac Shakur is the Greatest of ALL Times. Tupac Shakur was a legend. Not only was he an intelligent black man, but he was loyal, he had faith that his worlds could change the African American community. Tupac Shakur was not afraid to speak about the things no one else would. Many people see Shakur as a leader, mentor, role model, or even just a gangster rapper; I see Tupac Shakur as the Greatest of ALL Times. What exactly made Shakur the greatest of all times was his inspirational motives, his leadership, and his lyrics.
Tupac Shakur was a man of inspiration. He inspired a race to better by speaking about problems within the Black community. Not only did he speak about the good things that went on, but he spoke about reality. He lectured people about the challenges we face as an oppressed race, and how we need change in order to make it to the top. Tupac Shakur was a realist. Every word that Shakur spoke was real. Shakur also used his own problems which were relative to our race as a whole. This instilled a sense of hope into our community. Shakur also inspired others to do better. He showed African Americans that it was acceptable to come from “nowhere” to “somewhere.” Clearly, Tupac Shakur was an inspiration to me, as I have faith that we as a community will succeed.
Secondly, Tupac Shakur was a leader. He led his race by constantly thinking of ways to improve the community. Whether it was from his lecturing, his acting, or his music Shakur found a way to speak to his people in a way they could relate to. Shakur also taught people that they could be the best at what they are, just by believing. Believing and having faith is ultimately what will guide you forward, and Shakur showed us this philosophy. Also, Shakur was not afraid to be true to the African American community. Most people are too afraid to be true, to speak the truth even when it may hurt, but Shakur was different. Tupac Shakur was straightforward, speaking about the troubles no one else would. Tupac spoke about these problems in his song lyrics.
The lyrics of Tupac Shakur were words of wisdom. Shakur incorporated his own struggles into is lyrics so that his people could believe the messages he gave. Shakur was able to relate to many different audiences. Whether the audience was a group of gang members, or a group of corporate adults, the struggles Shakur spoke about were relative. Because of this, Tupac Shakur’s messages still live today, after his death.
Ultimately, Tupac Shakur was a legend. Clearly, Shakur was the Greatest of ALL Times. Shakur was an inspiration to society, he was a leader, and his lyrics were words of wisdom. This is why he deserves to be the G.O.A.T.

Ancient Kemet: The Lost Knowledge

Déjà Francis
Fundamentals of Speech
May 6, 2012
Professor Kincey
Informative Speech Essay

Ancient Kemet: The Lost Knowledge
Have you ever thought of yourself as an individual deprived of your history? If not, I am almost certain you are unaware of the science of the great ancient Kemet. When I say the name Imhotep, does and African multi-genius appear in your head? Or is it an image of a pale Grecian statue that you have been forced to believe is significant to your history? If I were to ask what the original name of Egypt was, would your answer be ancient Kemet? Lastly, If I raised the question, “what group of people built the pyramids of ancient Egypt,” would you reply and say the Hebrew slaves, or the Egyptians of ancient Kemet. It is essential to know true creations that originated in ancient Kemet, that it was erased from history, as well as the importance of ancient Kemet to us today.
Many people have never heard of ancient Kemet until coming to college, or researching this information on their own. This is because ancient Kemet was erased from history. Growing up, and matriculating through grade school, we always learned that Egyptians were pale and white. It wasn’t until my freshmen year at Clark Atlanta University that I found the truth to our history. I was informed that the Egyptians were Black, in fact African. This information really took a toll on me because I could not understand why; I had been deprived of my history for so many years. It hurt me tremendously to know that a race of people would keep such intriguing information from their race. I still ask myself the question, “What did we ever do so wrong,” and still the question is left unanswered.
Furthermore, I feel that this information has been neglected from us because the White people love to feel superior. It is a necessity for them to make Black people inferior to them. Although they are now the minority, they have made up in their minds that we will forever be enslaved. It is up to us as a race to oppose this ideology. I truly do believe that the White people viewed Blacks as a threat and this is why we have yet to know where we come from. The Whites feared that if we only knew how good we were, we may take over the world.
I chose to inform my colleagues of the science of ancient Kemet because I now know what it means. I was delighted to know that my people were the first to accomplish so many things significant to the world today. There is joy in knowing that we can be great people and be multi-genius’, doctors, and engineers, and create things like geometry, and pyramids. I knew that enlightening my colleagues on such information, would allow them to feel a sense of pride in their race and maybe even encourage one another to strive to one day accomplish such achievements. Ancient Kemetic science really is important to me because I’ve learned what it really is, and how the world began. It is important to teach this information to generations that precede us, so that they will not feel deprived of their history, as I did. Before researching this topic, I was unaware what ancient Kemet had to do with civilization, and now I know the ancient Egyptians are responsible for civilization.

Competitive Cheerleading: More than a Hobby

Deja Francis
Fundamentals of Speech
May 6, 2012
Professor Kincey
Persuasive Speech Essay

Competitive Cheerleading: More than a Hobby
The more pushups we do our arms get stronger, our minds get sharper, our jumps go higher, we never get tired, come ‘on Tigers work hard! This is the philosophy of a competitive cheerleader. Competitive cheerleading isn’t a sport? Competitive cheerleading is not a sport? Tell that to my coach, who has us run two miles, circuit training, 5 rounds of frog jumps, jump circle, crunches, pushups and v ups all before practice even begins! I bet you’ll change your mind. Competitive cheerleading means trusting your teammates with your life. Clearly, it takes more than a skirt and a smile to be a competitive cheerleader. The definition of a sport is a activity involving physical exertion and skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others. Clearly, competitive cheerleading should be considered a sport as it exudes the necessary criteria of a sport. Moreover, competitive cheerleaders work hard, competitive cheerleading involves physical exertion and competition, and it is governed by a set of rules.
First, competitive cheerleaders work just as hard, as or even harder than all other athletes. Cheerleaders not only have to look up to par, but they must be up to par. Along with competitive cheerleading comes dancing, jumping, tumbling, and stunting; all of which are acquired skills. Cheerleaders are not born with the ability to do all of these things. Furthermore, it takes hard work, practice, and dedication to be a successful competitive cheerleader. I think that is very important that people understand how intense competitive cheerleading really is. Competitive cheerleading can be scary and dangerous. Stunting is one of the most dangerous aspects of any sport. Throwing girls high up in the air and catching them, is definitely not as easy as competitive cheerleaders make it look.
I chose this topic because I think it is important for people to know what competitive cheerleading truly consist of, as well as the obstacles competitive cheerleaders face. Although, cheerleading may look like all fun and games, it is not. It is important that cheerleaders get the respect they deserve as athletes, and not eye candy. Competitive cheerleaders devote their blood, sweat, and tears to their profession, and it is not fair that they cannot be considered athletes.
Before researching this topic I felt just as strongly as I do now, because I am a competitive cheerleader, and I know how it feels to be underestimated. It is unfair that just because it’s a female dominated activity it is not considered a sport. I hope that my audience gained knowledge about competitive cheerleading, and will take into consideration all of the hard work and dedication competitive cheerleader put into their profession.

Matriculation: The WISE grow WISER

Déjà Francis
Fundamentals of Speech
May 6, 2012
Professor Kincey
WISE Speech Reflective Essay
Matriculation: The WISE grow WISER
Looking back to the day I was informed I had to take fundamentals of speech class, I was not in the least bit excited. I was, however, afraid, that I would embarrass myself speaking in front of a huge class. However, as I matriculated through the WISE class, I found myself becoming more and more comfortable speaking in front of a crowd. I am proud to say that I can eliminate my fear of public speaking by focusing on delivering my intended message, and not what the crowd thinks of me. Furthermore, taking WISE classes, I can also see the improvement of my writing and speaking skills. Writing speeches has become a lot easier for me as I have adopted techniques to better assist me. Just like writing, I have adopted techniques to better assist me when speaking as well. Moreover, this semester of Fundamentals of Speech has been extremely beneficial for me, as I know I have acquired skills that I will need in the future.
Before entering Clark Atlanta University, I hate the idea of speaking in front of a crowd. It is known that public speaking is of the most feared things within society, and I can understand why. When speaking in front of a crowd it can be extremely intimidating because you must get the crowd to accept you. In some situations, it does not matter what you are speaking about, the crowd is focusing on you and not your message. This is why I hated to speak in front of crowds. However, after taking a class that has improved my public speaking skills I have acquired tips to better assist my speaking style.
My matriculation at Clark Atlanta University has made me a better speaker. I have learned to write outlines for my speeches to keep my thoughts in order .Moreover, having an outline, helps to balance your speech as well. Furthermore, I have learned to be myself when speaking in front of a crowd. Giving speeches with outlines, and not writing the entire speech out, helps me to think about what I am saying, and engages my audience as well. When being yourself in front of a crowd, the speech keeps the crowd’s attention, as it doesn’t sound too memorized or not rehearsed at all. Clearly, I have learned techniques that have really helped me throughout this semester of Fundamentals of Speech.
In final analysis, I have grown tremendously not only as a writer, but as a speaker. Fundamental of Speech has helped me to find confidence in myself, when speaking in front of a crowd, formal or informal. It has been my pleasure to serve as a WISE student this semester.

Annotated Bibliography- Ancient China

 Ancient China

What is the relationship between the population of the ancient Chinese people and their dominant population, which they still maintain today?

            Ancient China was an incredibly populated country, and still is the most populated county in the nation today. Being that ancient China was so overpopulated, it carried a reputation that perceived power. Furthermore, there are many factors that demonstrate exactly how ancient China’s population strengthened its empire. It is obvious that the massive amount of people outnumbered various militaries around the ancient world. The mass number of people, as well as the geographical setting gave the ancient Chinese an advantage to conquer other countries and seize power over more land. Therefore, the powerful population led to a rise in empire, expanding their original borders.

 Because ancient China was geographically isolated from the rest of the world, it made it harder for invasion, because there was no adjacent competition. Consequently, the Chinese people bonded together as one to form a centralized way of organizing themselves. Lastly, the practice of Confucianism allowed China to maintain power as well as a huge population. Confucianism suggests that there should be peace in ancient China, and every man should respect their father. Under Confucian laws, the ancient Chinese people heavily worshiped their ancestors, building their families off of what used to be, meaning that they continued this tradition throughout their culture, having children that abide by these same laws, passing it on. Confucianism had a strong connection with power, unity, and family. Furthermore, to maintain power, the ancient Chinese expanded their families creating unity through the country. Because Confucianism is still practiced today, the ancient Chinese people still have the same tradition and bond that promotes power through huge population and unity.

Bibliography

Couloumbis, Angela E. “Who Was Confucius? What did he say?” Washington Post News Feed,   December 13, 1995. http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Kungtzu.html

            The author explains the comings of Confucianism, how Confucian law became a tradition in ancient China, and what exactly Confucius himself believed. Confucianism is a philosophical study that trained the Chinese people to do right by one another. Doing right by one another, the ancient Chinese respect each other and bring peace to China. This study got passed on for many generations and is still alive today. Thus, the author’s conclusion corresponds with the conclusion I have drawn about ancient Chinese population and Confucianism.

“Confucius appears to have believed in a supreme deity, he preferred to teach a doctrine of humanism open to the transcendent.”

“Elite China: Luxury Consumer Behavior in China.” M2PressWIRE (January 29, 2010):     Newspaper Source, EBSCOhost (accessed October 4, 2010).

            Although this article does not explain the relationship between ancient China and its population it does describe ancient Chinese people. In this article, the author suggests that the Chinese people were a very dominant culture. In comparison to the argument I implied, the Chinese people were always very populated and are a very strong country. Additionally, they had access to more resources for trade because of their authority over others and their geographic setting.

Giles, Herbert A. Religions of Ancient China: Confucianism. London: Constable and Company,    1905. (Accessed October 6, 2010) http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2330/2330…/2330-h.htm

            The author infers that there is a connection between Confucianism, ancient China and current China’s population. The Confucian law system reveals a strong country focused on family and togetherness. Practicing Confucianism, the Chinese worship past ancestors and bring a state of peace to China. Under the Confucian law the Chinese people deeply value ethics and culture and continue this process, reproducing children who do the same. Therefore, the connection between Confucianism and ancient Chinese people does contribute to the significance of their population, as I implied. Also, this text demonstrates that Confucianism is still practiced today, as well as the worshiping of Confucius.

“In 555 temples were placed

in all prefectural cities; and later on, in all the important cities

and towns of the empire. In the second and eighth months of each

year, before dawn, sacrifices to Confucius are still celebrated with

considerable solemnity and pomp, including music and dances by bands of

either thirty-six or sixty-four performers.”

Garrison-Harrison, Christy, Aubrey N. Underwood, Robert H. Woodrum, eds. The United States,            Africa, and the World: A History Reader. Littleton, MA: Tapestty Press, 2010.

            The History reader suggests that Confucianism is heavily linked with family and with passing tradition on from generation to generation, even hundreds and millions of years forward. What the author is interpreting is that ancient Chinese people were so focused on family and bringing peace to China while worshiping their ancestors through Confucianism, that they made more and more people to continue the study and enlarge their population. By enlarging their population Confucianism is being passed down by generations. Clearly, the history reader and the argument I have made connect, showing how Confucianism is a factor of how ancient Chinese population was so dominant.

“Guide them with government orders, regulate them with penalties, and the people will seek to evade the law and be without shame.”

Nakaruma, Kathy, ed. “Chinese Philosophy.” Chap 6 in Encyclopedia Britannica, edited by          Mary Rose McCudden, Illinois: 2004.

This article infers that the Chinese philosophical study of Confucianism was very popular in ancient China. Pursuing this further, it is still popular in modern day China. Confucianism allowed people to be free. Confucianism also gave Chinese people a sense of reassurance. The families united together, practicing Confucianism and having no shame for their families. They reproduced and passed this ritual on to their children. Therefore, this conclusion connects with the answer I implied as to why China was and still today, so populated.

“Even today, as manifested in political behavior, legal practice, ancestral veneration, genealogy, village schools, and student activism, the vitality of the Confucian tradition is widely felt in China.”

Upshur, Jiu-Hwa L., George H. Cassar, Richard D Goff, James P. Holoka, Janice J. Terry eds. “The Early Civilizations of Southeast Asia.” Chap 2. in World History: Michigan          University, 2005.

            In the text, the author explains how ancient China was so overpopulated. The text describes the relationship of the people to one another and how Confucianism kept them unified and abiding by laws, creating peace in China. Looking deeper, the Confucian law allows people to reproduce with the thought of passing on tradition and rituals. Therefore, Confucianism does have some connection with population, and the argument that I implied.

“Confucianism was a practical philosophy that emphasized proper conduct, virtuous life, and humanity, which can be learned through the study of history and the classics.”

Williams, Edward T. Confucianism and New China. The Harvard Theological Review, Vol. 9,      No. 3 (Jul., 1916), pp. 258-285. Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Harvard             Divinity School. (Accessed October 8, 2010) http://www.jstor.org/stable/1506984

            The author infers that Confucianism is still practiced today in New China. He explains the significance of tradition the Chinese people associate with Confucianism. Confucianism constituted very serious beliefs, teachings, and sacrifices. Within the teachings and beliefs on Confucian law people wanted to pass this down to their children and continue the tradition. What the author is saying connects to the meaning of how the Chinese maintained their population, as I answered in my introduction.

“Confucianism, with its elaborate ritual, its bloody sacrifices, its antiquated symbolism, and its fine ethical teaching, has again been made the state religion of China.”

Yu, Yih-Hsien. “Traditional Trend in Modern Chinese Philosophy.” Internet Encyclopedia of        Philosophy, Dowden, Bradley, Fieser, James. July 12, 2007. (Accessed October 8, 2010)          http://www.iep.utm.edu/mod-chin/#H5

 

            In this article, the author describes the behaviors of the Ancient Chinese people. Yu explains the relationship the Chinese people had with one another as well as the Confucian law. Clearly, the Chinese people yearned for peace in China as well as unity. Focusing solely on family and passed ancestors a tradition is acquired that is continued forever. In conclusion, the author’s interpretation of the ancient Chinese population links to the argument I made about Confucianism and population. Yu also explains how the Chinese people connected with the Confucian ideas, and strongly believed in the philosophy.

“Confucianism can only be properly estimated after one has full knowledge and an overall understanding of all the teachings of Chinese and Western philosophy. Neo-Confucianism is but only one of the Confucian schools and Confucianism is but only one of the schools of Chinese philosophy alongside Daoism, Mohism, Legalism, and so forth.”

Kwong, Peter, Miscevic, Dusanka. Chinese Americans: The Untold Stories of America’s Oldest    New Community. New York: The New Press, 2005.

            This book suggests that Confucianism is a philosophy that is greatly studied in China. The study of Confucianism is what unites the Chinese people and helps them organize themselves. Because the Confucian law strictly worships ancestors, unites families, and creates peace it is very important in Chinese culture. Additionally, because this study is passed on for generations, it connects to my question on how China is still so populated today.

“Confucian teachings, emphasizing respect for authority, were used for centuries by Chinese rulers to control the people. Their strict codes defined everyone’s proper roles of dependence and subordination: son to father, wife to husband, servant to master and, above all, everyone to the ruler.”

 Bowker, John. “K’ung-tzu.The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997.    Encyclopedia.com. (Accessed October 8, 2010) http://www.encyclopedia.com

            Bowker suggests that the philosophy of Confucianism is very popular in ancient China. He infers that the connection between Confucianism and family, peace, and ancestors has a lot to do with why the Chinese people are so dominant and culture centered.  Through Confucianism the Chinese unite and stick together. This is useful to support my conclusion of how Confucianism is a key factor of ancient Chinese population.

“Confucianism urged a system of morality and statecraft that would preserve peace and provide people with stable and just government.”

Confucianism

Confucianism – Blog #2
Assuming the role as leader of China, of the three philosophical schools of thought, it would be necessary to implement Confucianism to effectively govern China. Governing the country of China, under confusion law can bring about different challenges; however, it has a very ethical approach. Confucianism says, men should be educated and lead by example, while having no shame for your family. Pursuing this further, By having respect for family and value of rituals Confucianism will bring peace to China. With the people respecting one another this will help how the citizen organize themselves. Clearly, this will put an end to the catastrophe and consistent fighting of the people within China itself. Confucianism will also give the people a new way to view the world. The relationship that coincides with Confucianism is one has respect of their father, father pays respect to the king, and the king has respect for the ancestors. It is important that Confucianism demonstrates virtue and morality. Because everyone needs to have certain relationships such as ruler to minister, father to son, husband to wife, and older brother to younger brother. Therefore, the relationships are crucial to the unity of China and how the Ancient Chinese organize themselves according to law, The rituals of Confucianism force the citizens to pay attention to the environment, and to worship ancestors and the natural world. Because Confucianism is a philosophy that is taught without the destruction or revolution, it is a effective way to govern a country. Being that one does not have to force heavy or brutal leadership, China is governed effectively and at peace.

The Reoccuring image of “Madea”

The vengeful reoccurring image of “Madea” symbolizes various attributes of women and the way they are perceived. The spiteful personality portrayed in the image of Madea demonstrates the anger and hostility in women as to the way they were treated. For many years, women have always been viewed as inferior. For various reasons women have been looked down upon, as well as disrespected and lacked equality. Therefore, the image of Madea is an example of how women are treated and taken advantage of. Her ability to love and devote her life and time to a man signifies her ability to love. The fact that he left and betrayed her and the children, but is still respected demonstrates the fact that men are treated superior. Because there was a patriarchy in ancient Greece, it is easy to infer that the men dominated the country. Men were perceived as superior to women and women were limited to certain roles. Although things have changed a lot in the modern world, this analogy is somewhat still present today. This is why I think that the image of Madea is so common. In a lot of situations today, there is a struggle for women to succeed or be noticed. Women have come a long way from fighting for the right to vote, to be in office, fighting in war, getting goods jobs and many other things. Madea also symbolizes in the emotional aspect of women. Her vengefulness comes from her emotions, and how she is hurt. Therefore, this image is so common and reoccurring because the stereotype of women is still alive today.

Maintaining an Effective Civilization

A civilization is any group of living people who enact as group to form a society; within this society there may be a variety of cultures, religions/beliefs, ethnicities, and social classifications. However, as a whole, there are certain attributes that need to be accomplished for survival over time.  In order to stay on top, it is important to endure the idea of an effective civilization; this demonstrates the importance of new things as they develop around the world. Pursuing this further, there are some very critical components that are necessary for maintaining a civilization. To effectively maintain a civilization, it is essential to incorporate agriculture, trade, technology, some form of leadership, and labor. The Agricultural Revolution of a civilization is very significant.  The Agricultural revolution symbolizes in the manipulation of the natural world. This means that the people are finding new ways to produce food and become farmers and plant crops. Instead of being hunters and gathers a new way of feeding is developed which involves manipulation of the natural habitat. Pursuing this further more and more people settle in contrary to their previous nomadic stage. Trading with other countries or kingdoms is another factor that enhances the stability of a civilization. Trading provides countries that have a scarce amount of resources with more, and may provide another country with what they are lacking are in need of. Clearly, technology is always a positive to have with the advancement of new things. Technology guarantees increased speed or decreased work in any situation it can be applied to. Therefore, the advancement of technology is very necessary to maintain a civilization. Furthermore, leadership is also needed to effectively maintain a civilization. Leadership dominates the civilization, keeping it in order and stabilizes the ability to work; which labor comes into play, and people are able to be rewarded or make a living off of profit. Obviously, labor is a detrimental part of maintaining a civilization. It is very important to ensure all of these components to sustain a healthy/effective civilization.

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